Las islas Eolias

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Questa immagine ha l'attributo alt vuoto; il nome del file è Alicudi-1.jpgALICUDI
Es la isla más occidental del archipiélago. El antiguo nombre de Ericusa se debe a la rica vegetación de brezos, de los que está cubierta la isla. El brezo forma parte de la historia y vida de los isleños, que siempre lo han utilizado para cubrir chozas y, con la raíz, estufas de pipa. Alicudi es un cono redondeado que culmina con el relieve Filo dell’Arpa y tiene una superficie de 5,2 km2. Los habitantes, llamados alicudari, son unos 140 y viven en el único centro habitado (Alicudi porto), pesca y poca agricultura. De origen volcánico, la isla está formada en gran parte por el volcán extinto de Montagnola, que nació hace unos 150.000 años tras erupciones efusivas y explosivas.
Questa immagine ha l'attributo alt vuoto; il nome del file è Filicudi.jpgFILICUDI
Antiguamente llamada Phoenicusa (rica en helechos), junto con Alicudi es geológicamente la más antigua de las Islas Eolias. Tiene una superficie de 9,5 kilómetros cuadrados y su punto más alto, la Fossa delle Felci, se encuentra a 773 metros. Los habitantes, llamados filicudari, son unos 250, repartidos en los tres principales núcleos habitados: Filicudi porto, Pecorini a mare y Valle Chiesa. La conformación de la isla es ligeramente ovalada y se extiende hacia el sureste en el promontorio de Capo Graziano, que es una pequeña península unida a la parte principal de Filicudi por una franja de tierra. La isla está formada por los productos de seis centros volcánicos. El más antiguo debió estar ubicado en el mar cerca de la costa de Fili di Sciacca.
Questa immagine ha l'attributo alt vuoto; il nome del file è quattrocchi_sp.jpgLIPARI
Es la isla más grande del archipiélago de las Eolias. Tiene una superficie de 37,6 kilómetros cuadrados y está a 24 millas náuticas de la costa siciliana. Sus habitantes, llamados Liparesi o Liparoti, son unos 9000 y pueblan los caseríos de la isla: Canneto, Acquacalda, Quattropani y Pianoconte. Con la excepción de Salina, todas las demás islas dependen administrativamente de Lipari. Como todo el archipiélago de las Eolias, Lipari tiene origen volcánico. La parte más antigua de la isla es la occidental donde, hace entre 160.000 y 134.000 años, se identifican 12 capas volcánicas, incluido el Timponi. Esta fase de intensas erupciones fue seguida por una larga pausa en la actividad volcánica. En el segundo período, hace unos 100 mil años, se creó el volcán de Monte S. Angelo. Los volcanes del tercer período (hace 40.000 y 8.000 años) hicieron erupción de piedra pómez, formando una serie de cúpulas, entre ellas Monte Guardia y Monte Giardina. Tras una larga pausa, la actividad eruptiva se reanudó en la parte nororiental con el lanzamiento de enormes cantidades de piedra pómez, que componían el Monte Pelato, y con la emisión del flujo de obsidiana de la Rocche Rosse (VII) siglo d.C. C. Incluso en tiempos históricos se produjeron erupciones de piedra pómez que cubrieron con una capa de polvo muy fino los niveles arqueológicos más antiguos del barrio de Diana y de la acrópolis del Castillo.
Questa immagine ha l'attributo alt vuoto; il nome del file è Panarea-1.jpgPANAREA
Panarea, antes llamada Hycesia, es la isla más pequeña del archipiélago de las Eolias. Tiene un área de solo 3.4 kilómetros cuadrados y está a 11.5 millas de Lipari. Sus 280 habitantes, llamados panarioti, viven en tres distritos: Ditella, S. Pietro y Drauto. Panarea está enmarcada por los islotes cercanos de Basiluzzo, Dattilo, Bottaro, Spinazzola y las rocas de Lisca Bianca, Lisca Nera, Panarelli y Formiche. Los estudiosos creen que Panarea y las rocas e islotes que lo rodean son los restos de un antiguo volcán submarino parcialmente sumergido por las aguas en los períodos interglaciares. En la parte emergida actualmente se puede reconocer un solo volcán en cuyos flancos se han implantado numerosos centros eruptivos secundarios.
Questa immagine ha l'attributo alt vuoto; il nome del file è salina-1.jpgSALINA
Después de Lipari, es la segunda isla más grande del archipiélago: unos 27 kilómetros cuadrados de superficie. Es la más alta de las 7 islas con las montañas «Fossa delle Felci» y «Monte dei Porri» también volcanes extintos. De la presencia de estos dos picos se remonta su antiguo nombre Didyme, que significa Géminis. El nombre actual deriva de la presencia de un pequeño lago del que se extraía la sal que luego se utilizaba para la conservación de alcaparras y pescados. Es la segunda isla más poblada del archipiélago con unos 2.300 habitantes. Se divide en tres municipios autónomos: S. Marina, Malfa y Leni. Los caseríos se llaman: Lingua, Rinella, Val Di Chiesa, Pollara y Torricella. En el territorio de Salina hay rastros de seis volcanes.
Questa immagine ha l'attributo alt vuoto; il nome del file è Stromboli-1.jpgSTROMBOLI
Stromboli, la más lejana y oriental de las islas Eolias, se encuentra a unos 35 kilómetros de Lipari. Los antiguos lo llamaban Strongyle, la rotonda. Tiene una superficie de 12,6Kmq. con unos 420 habitantes, llamado Strombolani. Su volcán activo se encuentra a unos 920 metros de altura sobre el nivel del mar y el fondo marino es muy profundo (1200 m.). La isla es un volcán que emerge del mar. La parte emergida, en actividad persistente durante al menos 2000 años, se formó principalmente durante dos ciclos de actividad. Un ciclo antiguo, consistente en erupciones de material sólido y flujos de lava, que formaron toda la parte oriental de la isla, y un ciclo más reciente, consistente principalmente en flujos de lava, que formaron toda la mitad occidental de la isla.
Questa immagine ha l'attributo alt vuoto; il nome del file è vulcano.jpgVULCANO
La antigua Hiera (sagrada), según los griegos, hogar del dios del fuego Hefesto, es la isla más meridional del archipiélago de las Eolias y la más cercana a Sicilia. Está separada de la cercana Lipari por un canal de aproximadamente 1,6 km de ancho. Su superficie es de 21 kilómetros cuadrados. Desde el punto de vista geológico, la isla está formada por 4 volcanes: Lentia, Vulcano Piano, Fossa di Vulcano y Vulcanello. El único que se considera todavía activo es el Vulcano della Fossa. La actividad volcánica de esta isla era conocida desde la antigüedad por griegos y romanos, quienes quedaron fuertemente impresionados por ella.
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